中国组织工程研究 ›› 2014, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (26): 4254-4259.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.26.028

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

人工腰椎间盘假体设计原理研究及未来趋势发展

董可欣,马德春,李秋菊,张  丽,李  磊   

  1. 吉林大学第二医院骨科,吉林省长春市  130041
  • 出版日期:2014-06-25 发布日期:2014-06-25
  • 通讯作者: 李秋菊,硕士,吉林大学第二医院骨科,吉林省长春市 130041
  • 作者简介:董可欣,女,1989年生,吉林省长春市人,汉族,北华大学在读学士,主要从事脊柱外科学研究。

Design principle and development tendency of artificial lumbar disc prosthesis

Dong Ke-xin, Ma De-chun, Li Qiu-ju, Zhang Li, Li Lei   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
  • Online:2014-06-25 Published:2014-06-25
  • Contact: Li Qiu-ju, Master, Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
  • About author:Dong Ke-xin, Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China

摘要:

背景:椎间盘置换是治疗椎间盘退行性疾病的新选择,可在消除疼痛的同时保留腰椎原有的生物力学状态,但对于其假体结构和材料设计尚需进一步研究和验证。
目的:对现有腰椎间盘假体结构和材料设计方案进行综述,并对其未来优化设计进行展望。
方法:第一作者应用计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库、Pubmed数据、中国生物医学文献数据库中2005年1月至2013年2月有关人工腰椎间盘及髓核假体材料类型及生物力学的文章。中文检索词为“人工椎间盘,假体设计原理,结构,材料,临床试验”,英文检索词为“artificial lumbar disc, total disc replacement, structure, material, clinical trial”,排除重复及陈旧文献。共检索到135 篇文章,共纳入36篇文章进行综述。
结果与结论:目前用于椎间盘的材料有钴铬合金、陶瓷、不锈钢、钛合金和超高分子量聚乙烯等。用不同材料制备的椎间盘假体较多,其中Bryan假体在临床最常用,三维有限元分析、体外实验及临床研究都证实具有良好的生物力学特性,置换成功率较高。人工髓核假体有预制型及原位聚合型,由于置换损伤小,是目前的研究热点,但很难达到人体髓核生物力学功能。挖掘新型材料来设计个性化假体是将来的发展方向。对于假体结构和生物材料设计经历了不断的改进与发展,文章结合最新研究趋势,对椎间盘假体未来在材料改进、结构仿生设计、假体和辅助置入器械优化设计等发展方向进行了展望。


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程


全文链接:

关键词: 植入物, 人工假体, 人工腰椎间盘, 假体设计原理, 研究进展

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Artificial lumbar disc replacement is a new choice for the treatment of degenerative disc disease, and preserves lumbar vertebra’s biomechanical characteristics during pain elimination. The design of the prosthesis structure and material needs further study and validation.
OBJECTIVE: To review the structure and material types of presently designed artificial lumbar discs, then to discuss the trends in the optimization design of prosthesis.
METHODS: The PubMed database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure database and Chinese BioMedical Literature Database were searched for related articles concerning artificial lumbar disc and type and biomechanics of nucleus pulposus prosthesis material published from January 2005 to February 2013 by the first author. Key words were “artificial lumbar disc, principle of prosthesis design, structure, material, clinical trials” in Chinese and “artificial lumbar disc, total disc replacement, structure, material, clinical trial” in English. Repetitive and old studies were excluded. 135 articles were found, but 36 articles were included for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At present, the materials for intervertebral discs include cobalt-chromium alloy, ceramics, stainless steel, titanium alloy and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene. Artificial lumbar disc is commonly made by different materials. Bryan prosthesis is most commonly used in the clinic. Three-dimensional finite element analysis, in vitro trial and clinical studies verified its good biomechanical property. The successful rate of replacement was high. Nucleus prosthesis contains prefabricated type and situ polymerization type, and obtains small injury, so it is a hot focus in present study, but it cannot achieve biomechanical function of human nucleus pulposus. To dig novel material is a future direction for designing individual prosthesis. The prosthetic structure and biomaterial design experience constant improvement and development. This study combines latest study trend and prospects the development of biomimetic design, material improvement, the optimization design of prosthesis and assisted devices.


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程


全文链接:

Key words: intervertebral disk, prosthesis design, biomechanics, review

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